Where can I grow almond?

1. 1

   🇺🇸Texas, United States

   Great fit on 138k sq mi358k km² · worth a try on 25k sq mi65k km²

   For example Fort Worth (100), Austin (100)

2. 2

   🇦🇷Buenos Aires, Argentina

   Great fit on 118k sq mi305k km²

   For example Bahía Blanca (100), Olavarría (100)

3. 3

   🇺🇸California, United States

   Great fit on 85k sq mi221k km² · worth a try on 7,500 sq mi19k km² · mostly with irrigation

   For example Oakland (100), Santa Rosa (100)

4. 4

   🇦🇺New South Wales, Australia

   Great fit on 60k sq mi155k km² · worth a try on 8,000 sq mi21k km²

   For example Tamworth (100), Dubbo (100)

5. 5

   🇨🇳Sichuan, China

   Great fit on 58k sq mi151k km² · worth a try on 6,800 sq mi18k km²

   For example Pingwu County (100), Xiasi (100)

6. 6

   🇨🇳Yunnan, China

   Great fit on 58k sq mi151k km² · worth a try on 12k sq mi32k km²

   For example Kunming (100), Chuxiong (100)

7. 7

   🇨🇳Guizhou, China

   Great fit on 52k sq mi134k km² · worth a try on 9,400 sq mi24k km²

   For example Zunyi (95), Loushanguan (95)

8. 8

   🇵🇰Balochistan, Pakistan

   Great fit on 51k sq mi133k km² · worth a try on 5,200 sq mi14k km² · mostly with irrigation

   For example Zhob (100), Loralai (100)

9. 9

   🇺🇸Oklahoma, United States

   Great fit on 51k sq mi132k km² · worth a try on 200 sq mi600 km²

   For example Oklahoma City (100), Norman (100)

10. 10

    🇦🇺Victoria, Australia

    Great fit on 51k sq mi131k km² · worth a try on 5,200 sq mi13k km²

    For example Melbourne (100), Wodonga (100)

11. 11

    🇦🇷Cordoba, Argentina

    Great fit on 48k sq mi125k km² · worth a try on 3,600 sq mi9,300 km²

    For example Córdoba (100), Río Cuarto (100)

12. 12

    🇮🇷Razavi Khorasan, Iran

    Great fit on 40k sq mi103k km² · worth a try on 2,700 sq mi6,900 km² · mostly with irrigation

    For example Qūchān (100), Chenārān (100)

13. 13

    🇪🇸Andalusia, Spain

    Great fit on 39k sq mi102k km² · worth a try on 200 sq mi600 km²

    For example Jerez de la Frontera (100), Marbella (100)

14. 14

    🇮🇷Kerman, Iran

    Great fit on 39k sq mi101k km² · worth a try on 1,800 sq mi4,700 km² · mostly with irrigation

    For example Kerman (100), Sirjan (100)

15. 15

    🇲🇽Chihuahua, Mexico

    Great fit on 38k sq mi98k km² · worth a try on 5,500 sq mi14k km² · mostly with irrigation

    For example Cuauhtémoc (100), Nuevo Casas Grandes (100)

Regions are states and provinces, counting land within 75 km of a town. At most three per country, so the list covers the world.

• 🇺🇸United States486k sq mi1.3M km² · 23% of its land
• 🇨🇳China486k sq mi1.3M km² · 22% of its land
• 🇮🇷Iran366k sq mi947k km² · 68% of its land
• 🇦🇷Argentina339k sq mi877k km² · 56% of its land
• 🇩🇿Algeria181k sq mi468k km² · 79% of its land
• 🇿🇦South Africa180k sq mi466k km² · 54% of its land
• 🇹🇷Turkey170k sq mi440k km² · 52% of its land
• 🇦🇺Australia164k sq mi424k km² · 53% of its land
• 🇪🇸Spain155k sq mi400k km² · 71% of its land
• 🇲🇦Morocco121k sq mi313k km² · 75% of its land

1. 100%Ideal

   Bahía Blanca

   🇦🇷 Buenos Aires, Argentina

2. 100%Ideal

   Lisbon

   🇵🇹 Portugal

3. 100%Ideal

   Maltepe

   🇹🇷 Istanbul, Turkey

4. 100%Ideal

   Roodepoort

   🇿🇦 Gauteng, South Africa

5. 100%Ideal

   Adana

   🇹🇷 Turkey

6. 100%Ideal

   Benoni

   🇿🇦 Gauteng, South Africa

7. 100%Ideal

   Esenler

   🇹🇷 Istanbul, Turkey

8. 100%Ideal

   Bornova

   🇹🇷 İzmir Province, Turkey

9. 100%Ideal

   Tarsus

   🇹🇷 Mersin, Turkey

10. 100%Ideal

    İzmir

    🇹🇷 İzmir Province, Turkey

11. 100%Ideal

    Rome

    🇮🇹 Lazio, Italy

12. 100%Ideal

    Antalya

    🇹🇷 Turkey

The most comfortable fits among the 2,000 biggest towns, two per region. Scores assume irrigation where rain falls short; Needs irrigation marks towns that need it.

Winter chill (9 winters in 10)

Ideal at least 25 portionsWon't grow below 15 portions

Coldest night of the year (average)

Ideal at least 9°FIdeal at least -13°CWon't grow below 0°FWon't grow below -18°C

Yearly rain

Ideal 22–35 inIdeal 550–900 mmWon't grow below 9.8 in or above 55 inWon't grow below 250 mm or above 1,400 mm

Frost-free days

Ideal at least 210 daysWon't grow below 170 days

Degree days above 50°FDegree days above 10°C

Ideal at least 3,420 °F·daysIdeal at least 1,900 °C·daysWon't grow below 2,520 °F·daysWon't grow below 1,400 °C·days

Blooms in late winter, so spring frosts are the main risk. Humid springs bring disease. Mostly irrigated.

Sources: Fadón et al. 2020, Chilling and heat requirements of temperate stone fruit trees (Prunus sp.) (Agronomy); UC ANR: Almond Production Manual; Steduto, Hsiao, Fereres & Raes 2012, Crop yield response to water (FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 66).

• Not enough winter chill65%
• Winters get too cold26%
• Not enough summer heat3%
• Too wet3%
• Frost-free season too short3%

Share of the land scoring under 50, by what holds it back most.

• Macadamia
• Walnut
• Pistachio
• Pecan