Where can I grow wheat?
Triticum aestivum · Grain · Annual
Wheat is a great fit (80+) on 103.8 million km² (40.1 million sq mi) of land in 197 countries, 37% of it only with irrigation. The most well-suited land is in Minas Gerais, Brazil, Xinjiang, China and Texas, United States. Where it can't grow, it's usually growing season too cool (46%) and growing season too hot (45%).
Tap the map for the score at any spot. Each square is a 28 km (17 mile) grid cell.
- Great fit (80+)
- 103.8M km²(40.1M sq mi)
- 72% of land
- Worth a try (50–79)
- 21.0M km²(8.1M sq mi)
- 14% of land
- Great fit without irrigation
- 63.4M km²(24.5M sq mi)
- Rain alone is enough
- Countries
- 197
- With great-fit land
Regions with the most suitable land
- 1
🇧🇷Minas Gerais, Brazil
Great fit on 564k km² (218k sq mi)
For example Belo Horizonte (100), Uberlândia (100)
- 2
- 3
🇺🇸Texas, United States
Great fit on 520k km² (201k sq mi)
For example Houston (100), San Antonio (100)
- 4
🇧🇷Bahia, Brazil
Great fit on 482k km² (186k sq mi) · worth a try on 76k km² (29k sq mi)
For example Feira de Santana (100), Vitória da Conquista (100)
- 5
- 6
- 7
🇺🇸California, United States
Great fit on 340k km² (131k sq mi)
For example Los Angeles (100), San Jose (100)
- 8
- 9
🇮🇳Rajasthan, India
Great fit on 311k km² (120k sq mi) · mostly with irrigation
For example Ābu (100), Pratāpgarh (100)
- 10
🇧🇷Mato Grosso, Brazil
Great fit on 308k km² (119k sq mi) · worth a try on 180k km² (69k sq mi)
For example Campo Verde (100), Alto Araguaia (100)
- 11
🇦🇷Buenos Aires, Argentina
Great fit on 305k km² (118k sq mi)
For example Mar del Plata (100), Avellaneda (100)
- 12
- 13
- 14
- 15
Regions are states and provinces, counting land within 75 km of a town. At most three per country, so the list covers the world.
By country
- 🇺🇸United States5.5M km² (2.1M sq mi) · 100% of its land
- 🇨🇳China5.4M km² (2.1M sq mi) · 96% of its land
- 🇷🇺Russia4.8M km² (1.9M sq mi) · 97% of its land
- 🇧🇷Brazil3.2M km² (1.2M sq mi) · 53% of its land
- 🇮🇳India2.7M km² (1.0M sq mi) · 83% of its land
- 🇦🇷Argentina1.6M km² (606k sq mi) · 100% of its land
- 🇲🇽Mexico1.4M km² (549k sq mi) · 88% of its land
- 🇮🇷Iran1.4M km² (540k sq mi) · 100% of its land
- 🇨🇦Canada1.2M km² (452k sq mi) · 99% of its land
- 🇰🇿Kazakhstan869k km² (336k sq mi) · 98% of its land
Best-suited towns
- 100%fit
🇨🇳 Guangdong, China
- 100%fit
🇨🇳 Shandong, China
- 100%fit
🇨🇳 Guangdong, China
- 100%fit
🇨🇳 Jiangsu, China
- 100%fit
🇺🇸 Texas, United States
- 100%fit
🇮🇹 Piedmont, Italy
- 100%fit
🇺🇸 Michigan, United States
- 100%fit
🇨🇳 Chongqing, China
- 100%fit
🇨🇳 Yunnan, China
- 100%fit
🇪🇹 Ethiopia
- 100%fit
🇯🇵 Japan
- 100%fit
🇨🇳 Chongqing, China
The most comfortable fits among the 2,000 biggest towns, two per region.
What wheat needs
- Growing-season average
- Ideal 54–72°F (12–22°C)Won't grow below 43°F (6°C) or above 82°F (28°C)
- Coldest growing-season night (monthly average)
- Ideal at least 32°F (0°C)Won't grow below 21°F (-6°C)
- Growing-season rain
- Ideal 9.8–24 in (250–600 mm)Won't grow below 4.7 in (120 mm) or above 39 in (1,000 mm)
In mild-winter climates spring wheat is sown in autumn and grows through the cool season.
Sources: FAO ECOCROP: Triticum aestivum; FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 33 (Doorenbos & Kassam 1979). Ranges not yet reviewed by an agronomist.
What stops it elsewhere
- Growing season too cool46%
- Growing season too hot45%
- Too wet in the growing season7%
- Nights too cold in the growing season2%
Share of the land scoring under 50, by what holds it back most.
How this map works
Every 28 km square of land is scored 0–100 against the requirements above, using 1991–2020 monthly climate averages with frost, chill and heat estimated by simulating daily weather. Each square is scored with whichever variety fits it best. “With irrigation” ignores rain shortfalls; “Rain-fed only” counts them.
Climate is only part of it: soil, slope, water and markets decide where a crop is actually farmed. Use this to shortlist places, then check them locally.